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OOP
Inheritance

Implement Inheritance Heirarchy

Implement a Shape abstract class which will form the base of an inheritance hierarchy that models 2D geometric shapes. It will have:

* A non-mutable 'name' property or data member set by derived or descendant classes at construction time
* A 'area' method intended to be overridden by derived or descendant classes ( double precision floating point return value)
* A 'print' method (also for overriding) will display the shape's name, area, and all shape-specific values

Two derived or descendant classes will be created:
* Circle    -> Constructor requires a 'radius' argument, and a 'circumference' method to be implemented  
* Rectangle -> Constructor requires 'length' and 'breadth' arguments, and a 'perimeter' method to be implemented 

Instantiate an object of each class, and invoke each objects 'print' method to show relevant details.
java
/*
* Will work with version 1.4 if you remove the @Override annotation
* and declare floating point numbers using the primitive "double"
*/
abstract class Shape {
protected final String name;
public Shape(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public abstract Double area();
public abstract void print();
}
class Circle extends Shape {
private Double radius;
public Circle(Double radius) {
super("circle");
this.radius = radius;
}
@Override
public Double area() {
return Math.PI * Math.pow(radius, 2);
}
@Override
public void print() {
System.out.println("A " + name + " with radius " + radius
+ ", area " + area() + " and circumference "
+ circumference() + ".");
}
public Double circumference() {
return 2 * Math.PI * radius;
}
}
class Rectangle extends Shape {
private Double length, breadth;
public Rectangle(Double length, Double breadth) {
super("Rectangle");
this.length = length;
this.breadth = breadth;
}
@Override
public Double area() {
return length * breadth;
}
public Double perimeter() {
return 2 * length + 2 * breadth;
}
@Override
public void print() {
System.out.println("A " + name + " with length " + length
+ ", breadth " + breadth + ", area " + area()
+ " and perimeter " + perimeter() + ".");
}
}
Circle circle = new Circle(4d);
circle.print();
Rectangle rectangle = new Rectangle(2d, 5.5);
rectangle.print();

Implement and use an Interface

Create a Serializable interface consisting of 'save' and 'restore' methods, each of which:

* Accept a stream or handle or descriptor argument for the source or destination
* Save to destination or restore from source the properties or data members of the implementing class (restrict yourself to the primitive types 'int' and 'string')

Next, create a Person class which has 'name' and 'age' properties or data members and implements this interface. Instantiate a Person object, save it to a serial stream, and instantiate a new Person object by restoring it from the serial stream.
java
// Serialization to a file
class Person implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private String name;
private int age;
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public boolean equals(Object obj) {
if(obj == this) return true;
if(obj instanceof Person) {
Person p = (Person) obj;
return (p.getName().equals(this.getName())
& p.getAge() == this.getAge());
}
return false;
}
public String toString() {
return "Name: " + name + ", age: " + age;
}
}
Person person = new Person();
person.setName("Gaylord Focker");
person.setAge(21);

try {
File file = new File("ser.obj");
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(file);
ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(fos);
oos.writeObject(person);
oos.close();
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(file);
ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(fis);
Person deserializedPerson = (Person) ois.readObject();
ois.close();
System.out.println(deserializedPerson);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}