langref.org - php

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Strings

Printing

Output a string to the console

Write the string "Hello World!" to STDOUT

php

echo 'Hello World!';

/****
* For some (security)reason I couldn't
* submit this without adding a space to
* the functionname. Please remove it :)
****/

// The correct way in command line-mode. :)
f write(STDOUT, "Hello World!\n");

Retrieve a string containing ampersands from the variables in a url

My PHP script first does a query to obtain customer info for a form. The form has first name and last name fields among others. The customer has put entries such as "Ron & Jean" in the first name field in the database. Then the edit form script is called with variables such as

"http://myserver.com/custinfo/edit.php?mode=view&fname=Ron & Jean&lname=Smith".

The script variable for first name $_REQUEST['firstname'] never gets beyond the "Ron" value because of the ampersand in the data.

I have tried various functions like urldecode but all to no avail. I even tried encoding the url before the view screen is painted so that the url looks like "http://myserver/custinfo/edit.php?mode=view&fname="Ronxxnbsp;xxamp;xxnbsp;Jean"&lname=SMITH". (sorry I had to add the xx to replace the ampersand or it didn't display meaningful url contents the browser sees.)

Of course this fails for the same reasons. What is a better approach?

php

/************************
* This is definitely not what this site is about
* This is not a site where you can get help with various problems
* It's a site where you can say:
* "How do you do the following in your language"
*
*************
*
* Anyway...
* I would use urlencode like you have tried
* (or to be on the safe side: rawurlencode() )
************************/

$parameter = "Bart & Lisa";
echo "<a href='".basename(__FILE__)."?fname=".$parameter."'>?fname=".$parameter."</a><br />\n";
echo "<a href='".basename(__FILE__)."?fname=".rawurlencode($parameter)."'>?fname=".rawurlencode($parameter)."</a><br />\n";

echo "<pre>", print_r($_REQUEST, true), "</pre>";

/***************
* Try to save this as a file and run the script
************
* If you hover the mouse over the link, they will look exactly the same
* but if you click them, they will output differently
***************/

// Cheers, "Josso"

echo("The given input URL is mal-formed; it should be URL-encoded. Use urldecode() on each argument to decode it.");

$url = parse_url("http://myserver.com/custinfo/edit.php?mode=view&fname=Ron & Jean&lname=Smith");
$query = $url['query'];
$query = preg_replace("/&(?=[^=]*&)/", "%26", $query);
parse_str($query, $querystring);
var_dump($querystring);

the result is >> array(3) {
["mode"]=>
string(4) "view"
["fname"]=>
string(10) "Ron & Jean"
["lname"]=>
string(5) "Smith"
}

string-wrap

Wrap the string "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog. " repeated ten times to a max width of 78 chars, starting each line with "> "

Expected output:
> The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog. The quick brown fox jumps over t
> he lazy dog. The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog. The quick brown fox
> jumps over the lazy dog. The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog. The qui
> ck brown fox jumps over the lazy dog. The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy
> dog. The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog. The quick brown fox jumps o
> ver the lazy dog. The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.

php

foreach(str_split(str_repeat("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog. ", 10), 77) as $line)
printf("> %s\n", trim($line));

Declaration

Define a string containing special characters

Define the literal string "\#{'}${"}/"

php

$special = "\\#{'}\${\"}/";

$special = '\#{\'}${"}/';

Define a multiline string

Define the string:

"This

Is

A

Multiline

String"

php

$multiline = <<<ML
This
Is
A
Multiline
String
ML;

$multiline = "This
Is
A
Multiline
String";

$multiline = "This\nIs\nA\nMultiline\nString";

Define a string containing variables and expressions

Given variables a=3 and b=4 output "3+4=7"

php

echo "$a+$b=".($a+$b);

printf("%d+%d=%d\n", $a, $b, $a + $b);

Manipulation

Reverse the characters in a string

Given the string "reverse me", produce the string "em esrever"

php

$reversed = strrev("reverse me");

Reverse the words in a string

Given the string "This is a end, my only friend!", produce the string "friend! only my end, the is This"

php

$reversed_words = implode(" ", array_reverse(explode(" ", "This is the end, my only friend!")));

Text wrapping

Wrap the string "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog. " repeated ten times to a max width of 78 chars, starting each line with "> ", yielding this result:

> The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog. The quick brown fox jumps
> over the lazy dog. The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog. The
> quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog. The quick brown fox jumps
> over the lazy dog. The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog. The
> quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog. The quick brown fox jumps
> over the lazy dog. The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog. The
> quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.

php

$s = str_repeat("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog. ", 10);
$s = wordwrap($s, 76, "WRAP");
$s = explode("WRAP", $s);
foreach ($s as $part) {
$res .= "> " . $part . "\n";
}
echo $res;

echo '> '.wordwrap(str_repeat('The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog. ', 10), 70,"\n> ")."\n";

Remove leading and trailing whitespace from a string

Given the string " hello " return the string "hello".

php

$hello_trimmed = trim(" hello ");

Simple substitution cipher

Take a string and return the ROT13 and ROT47 (Check Wikipedia) version of the string.
For example:
String is: Hello World #123
ROT13 returns: Uryyb Jbeyq #123
ROT47 returns: w6==@ (@C=5 R`ab

php

Case

Make a string uppercase

Transform "Space Monkey" into "SPACE MONKEY"

php

echo strtoupper("Space Monkey");

Make a string lowercase

Transform "Caps ARE overRated" into "caps are overrated"

php

echo strtolower("Caps ARE overRated");

Capitalise the first letter of each word

Transform "man OF stEEL" into "Man Of Steel"

php

echo ucwords(strtolower("man OF stEEL"));